{"id":5218,"date":"2025-11-21T10:34:09","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T09:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/?p=5218"},"modified":"2025-11-25T12:39:15","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T11:39:15","slug":"commentaire-de-rachi-sur-le-premier-chapitre-de-la-bible","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/commentaire-de-rachi-sur-le-premier-chapitre-de-la-bible\/","title":{"rendered":"Rachi (11\u00e8me si\u00e8cle) commente le premier verset de la Bible"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00ab <em>Mes pieds me conduisent \u00e0 l\u2019endroit que j\u2019aime.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(Hillel, ma\u00eetre pharisien \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque de J\u00e9sus)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Postcard_portrait_of_Rashi_by_Meir_Kunstadt_early_1900s.jpg\"><br \/>\n<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5233 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Postcard_portrait_of_Rashi_by_Meir_Kunstadt_early_1900s.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"392\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Postcard_portrait_of_Rashi_by_Meir_Kunstadt_early_1900s.jpg 250w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Postcard_portrait_of_Rashi_by_Meir_Kunstadt_early_1900s-191x300.jpg 191w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Rabbi Chlomo ben Itzhak HaTzarfati (h\u00e9breu : \u05e8\u05d1\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05de\u05d4 \u05d1\u05df \u05d9\u05e6\u05d7\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e6\u05e8\u05e4\u05ea\u05d9 Rabbi Salomon fils d&rsquo;Isaac le Fran\u00e7ais)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Plus connu sous les noms de Rachi, il est un rabbin, ex\u00e9g\u00e8te, talmudiste, po\u00e8te, l\u00e9giste et d\u00e9cisionnaire fran\u00e7ais, n\u00e9 vers 1040 \u00e0 Troyes en France et mort le 13 juillet 1105 dans la m\u00eame ville. Il a comment\u00e9 int\u00e9gralement la Thora (les cinq premiers livres bibliques)<\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Son commentaire du premier verset :<\/h3>\n<p>(Lorsque Rachi \u00e9crit Hachem (\u00ab\u00a0le\u00a0 Nom\u00a0\u00bb), il parle de YHWH, Nom de Dieu que les juifs s&rsquo;interdisent de prononcer)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-5225 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-1024x576.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-768x432.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-720x405.jpg 720w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim-560x315.jpg 560w, http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"name\">Au commencement<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Rabi Yits\u2018haq a enseign\u00e9\u00a0: La Tora, [en tant qu\u2019elle constitue essentiellement un code de lois], aurait d\u00fb commencer par\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0<em>Ce mois-ci est pour vous le commencement des mois\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb (Chemoth \/ Exode, 12, 2), puisque c\u2019est par ce verset qu\u2019est \u00e9dict\u00e9e la premi\u00e8re mitswa (prescription, comman dement) prescrite \u00e0 Isra\u00ebl. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Pourquoi d\u00e9bute-t-elle avec Ber\u00e9chith ? \u00ab <em>La puissance de Ses hauts faits, Il l\u2019a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e \u00e0 Son peuple, en lui donnant l\u2019h\u00e9ritage des nations<\/em> \u00bb (Tehilim \/ Psaume 111, 6). Ainsi, si les nations du monde viennent \u00e0 dire \u00e0 Isra\u00ebl : \u00ab <em>Vous \u00eates des voleurs, vous avez conquis les terres des sept nations !<\/em> \u00bb, on pourra leur r\u00e9pondre : \u00ab <em>Toute la terre appartient au Saint b\u00e9ni soit-Il. C\u2019est Lui qui l\u2019a cr\u00e9\u00e9e et Il l\u2019a donn\u00e9e \u00e0 qui bon lui a sembl\u00e9.<\/em> (Cf. Yirmeya\/J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 27, 5). i \u00bb (Yalqout chim\u2018oni\/recueil d&rsquo;enseignements m\u00e9di\u00e9val, Bo 187).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"name\">Au commencement, Eloqim cr\u00e9a<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Ce texte demande, en fait, \u00e0 \u00eatre explicit\u00e9. C\u2019est comme nos ma\u00eetres l\u2019ont expliqu\u00e9 : Le monde a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour la Tora qui est appel\u00e9e \u00ab le \u201ccommencement\u201d de Sa voie \u00bb (Michlei\/Proverbes 8, 22), et pour Isra\u00ebl qui est appel\u00e9 \u00ab <em>le \u201ccommencement\u201d de Sa moisson<\/em> \u00bb (Yirmeya\/J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 2, 3). Mais si tu veux l\u2019expliquer selon le sens litt\u00e9ral, fais-le ainsi : Au commencement de la cr\u00e9ation des cieux et de la terre, alors que la terre \u00e9tait tohou et vohou et que les t\u00e9n\u00e8bres&#8230;, Eloqim a dit : \u00ab <em>que la lumi\u00e8re soit !<\/em> \u00bb Ce texte ne vient pas nous donner l\u2019ordre de la cr\u00e9ation, nous dire que ces \u00e9l\u00e9ments ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s en premier. Si tel \u00e9tait le cas, le texte aurait d\u00fb porter barichona (\u00ab en premier lieu \u00bb), car on ne rencontre jamais le mot r\u00e9chith dans la Bible sans qu\u2019il soit li\u00e9 au mot suivant. Exemples : \u00ab <em>Au commencement (ber\u00e9chith) du r\u00e8gne de Yehoyaqim<\/em> \u00bb (Yirmeya\/J\u00e9r\u00e9mie 26, 1), \u00ab <em>le commencement (r\u00e9chith) de son royaum<\/em>e \u00bb (infra 10, 10), \u00ab <em>les pr\u00e9mices (r\u00e9chith) de ton bl\u00e9<\/em> \u00bb (Devarim\/Deut\u00e9ronome 18, 4). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Ici, de m\u00eame, tu dois expliquer : \u00ab <em>Au commencement, Eloqim cr\u00e9a&#8230;<\/em> \u00bb, comme s\u2019il \u00e9tait \u00e9crit : ber\u00e9chith bero, \u00ab <em>au commencement de l\u2019acte de la cr\u00e9ation<\/em> \u00bb, \u00e0 rapprocher de : \u00ab <em>au commencement (te\u2018hilath) o\u00f9 Hachem parla \u00e0 Hoch\u00e9\u2018a<\/em> \u00bb (Hoch\u00e9\u2018a\/Os\u00e9e 1, 2), c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire : \u00ab <em>au commencement de la parole adress\u00e9e par le Saint b\u00e9ni-Soit-Il \u00e0 Hoch\u00e9\u2018a, Hachem dit \u00e0 Hoch\u00e9\u2018a.<\/em> \u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Peut-\u00eatre persisteras-tu \u00e0 soutenir que ce qu\u2019on nous apprend ici, c\u2019est qu\u2019ils [\u00e0 savoir le ciel et la terre] ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s en premier, et que le texte veut dire : \u00ab au commencement de tout, Eloqim cr\u00e9a le ciel et la terre \u00bb, car il arrive que certains textes bibliques, dans leur concision, omettent un mot, comme dans : \u00ab <em>pour n\u2019avoir pas tenu closes les portes du sein qui m\u2019avait con\u00e7u<\/em> \u00bb (Iyov\/Job 3, 10) o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne pr\u00e9cise pas qui les a ferm\u00e9es. \u00ab <em>On emportera les richesses de Damas<\/em> \u00bb (Yecha\u2019ya\/Isa\u00efe 8, 4), o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne dit pas qui les emportera. \u00ab <em>Le laboure-t-on avec des b\u0153ufs ?<\/em> \u00bb (\u2018Amos 6, 12), sans que l\u2019on pr\u00e9cise si c\u2019est un homme qui laboure avec des b\u0153ufs. \u00ab <em>D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, j\u2019annonce la fin<\/em> \u00bb (Yecha\u2019ya\/Isa\u00efe 46, 10), o\u00f9 l\u2019on ne dit pas : \u00ab j\u2019annonce d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but des choses la fin des choses \u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Dans ce cas, tu devrais \u00eatre toi-m\u00eame \u00e9tonn\u00e9, car les eaux ont pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 la terre, puisqu\u2019il est \u00e9crit : \u00ab <em>et le souffle de Eloqim planait sur la face des eaux<\/em> \u00bb (verset 2), alors que le texte ne nous a pas encore r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 quand les eaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9es. Il faut donc en conclure que les eaux ont exist\u00e9 avant la terre. En outre, les cieux (chamayim) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9s \u00e0 partir du feu (\u00e9ch) et de l\u2019eau (mayim) (&lsquo;Haguiga (un des trait\u00e9 du Talmud) 12a). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Force est donc d\u2019admettre que le texte ne nous enseigne absolument pas l\u2019ordre chronologique de la cr\u00e9ation (Ber\u00e9chith raba 1, 6, Wayiqra raba 36,4 -deux recueils du Talmud).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span class=\"name\">Eloqim cr\u00e9a<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">Il n\u2019est pas dit : \u00ab Hachem (YHWH) cr\u00e9a \u00bb, mais \u00ab Eloqim cr\u00e9a \u00bb&#8230; L\u2019intention premi\u00e8re de Dieu avait \u00e9t\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er le monde selon l\u2019attribut de justice, [Eloqim \u00e9tant le nom de Dieu lorsqu\u2019Il exerce la justice], mais Il s\u2019est rendu compte qu\u2019il ne subsisterait pas. Aussi a-t-Il fait passer au premier plan l\u2019attribut de mis\u00e9ricorde [Hachem \u00e9tant le nom de Dieu lorsqu\u2019Il agit avec mis\u00e9ricorde] et l\u2019a-t-Il associ\u00e9 \u00e0 celui de la justice. C\u2019est ainsi qu\u2019il est \u00e9crit : \u00ab le jour o\u00f9 Hachem-Eloqim fit terre et cieux \u00bb (infra 2, 4) (Ber\u00e9chith raba 12, 15).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sefarim.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sefarim.fr\/<\/a>)<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Nom\u00a0 h\u00e9bra\u00efque des livres bibliques<\/h3>\n<p>La\u00a0<b>Torah<\/b>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4<\/span>\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Loi\u00a0\u00bb) \u00e9galement connue sous le nom de\u00a0<a title=\"Pentateuque\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pentateuque\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pentateuque<\/a>\u00a0se constitue de\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Bereshit<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d1\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Au commencement\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de la Gen\u00e8se\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_la_Gen%C3%A8se\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gen\u00e8se<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>2.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Shemot<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05ea<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Noms\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de l'Exode\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_l%27Exode\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exode<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>3.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Vayiqra<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d5\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Et Il appela\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<a title=\"L\u00e9vitique\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%A9vitique\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L\u00e9vitique<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>4.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Bamidbar<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Dans le d\u00e9sert\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<a title=\"Livre des Nombres\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_Nombres\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nombres<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>5.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Devarim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Paroles\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<a title=\"Deut\u00e9ronome\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deut%C3%A9ronome\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deut\u00e9ronome<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les\u00a0<b><span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\"><a title=\"Nevi'im\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nevi%27im\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nevi&rsquo;im<\/a><\/span><\/b>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Proph\u00e8tes\u00a0\u00bb) sont\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p><i><span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Neviim rishonim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd<\/span><\/i>, \u00ab\u00a0Premiers proph\u00e8tes\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>6. Yehoshoua (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e9\u05e2<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Josu\u00e9\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Josu%C3%A9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Josu\u00e9<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>7.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Shoftim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre des Juges\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_Juges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Juges<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>8. Shemouel (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05d0\u05dc<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livres de Samuel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livres_de_Samuel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Livres de Samuel<\/a>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Premier livre de Samuel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premier_livre_de_Samuel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"1\"><span class=\"romain\">I<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Deuxi\u00e8me livre de Samuel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deuxi%C3%A8me_livre_de_Samuel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"2\"><span class=\"romain\">II<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>9.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Melakhim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05de\u05dc\u05db\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livres des Rois (Bible)\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livres_des_Rois_(Bible)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Livres des Rois<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Premier livre des Rois\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premier_livre_des_Rois\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"1\"><span class=\"romain\">I<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Deuxi\u00e8me livre des Rois\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deuxi%C3%A8me_livre_des_Rois\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"2\"><span class=\"romain\">II<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Neviim aharonim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd<\/span><\/i>, \u00ab\u00a0Derniers proph\u00e8tes\u00a0\u00bb)\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>10. Yeshayahou (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05e9\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Isa\u00efe\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Isa%C3%AFe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Isa\u00efe<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>11. Yrmeyahou (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de J\u00e9r\u00e9mie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_J%C3%A9r%C3%A9mie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">J\u00e9r\u00e9mie<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>12. Yehezqel (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'\u00c9z\u00e9chiel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27%C3%89z%C3%A9chiel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00c9z\u00e9chiel<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li>13. Trei Assar (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05ea\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05e9\u05e8<\/span>)\u00a0:\n<ul>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"1\"><span class=\"romain\">I<\/span><\/abbr>. Hosh\u00e9a (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d4\u05d5\u05e9\u05e2<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Os\u00e9e\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Os%C3%A9e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Os\u00e9e<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"2\"><span class=\"romain\">II<\/span><\/abbr>. Yo\u00ebl (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05d5\u05d0\u05dc<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Jo\u00ebl\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Jo%C3%ABl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jo\u00ebl<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"3\"><span class=\"romain\">III<\/span><\/abbr>. Amos (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05de\u05d5\u05e1<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Amos\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Amos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amos<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"4\"><span class=\"romain\">IV<\/span><\/abbr>. Ovadia (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Abdias\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Abdias\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Abdias<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"5\"><span class=\"romain\">V<\/span><\/abbr>. Yona (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Jonas\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Jonas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jonas<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"6\"><span class=\"romain\">VI<\/span><\/abbr>. Mikha (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05de\u05d9\u05db\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Mich\u00e9e\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Mich%C3%A9e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mich\u00e9e<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"7\"><span class=\"romain\">VII<\/span><\/abbr>. Nahoum (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e0\u05d7\u05d5\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Nahum\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Nahum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nahum<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"8\"><span class=\"romain\">VIII<\/span><\/abbr>. &lsquo;Havaqouq (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Habacuc\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Habacuc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Habacuc<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"9\"><span class=\"romain\">IX<\/span><\/abbr>. Tsephania (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e6\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Sophonie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Sophonie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sophonie<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"10\"><span class=\"romain\">X<\/span><\/abbr>. Hagga\u00ef (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d7\u05d2\u05d9<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Agg\u00e9e\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Agg%C3%A9e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agg\u00e9e<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"11\"><span class=\"romain\">XI<\/span><\/abbr>. Zekharia (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d6\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Zacharie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Zacharie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zacharie<\/a>) ,<\/li>\n<li><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"12\"><span class=\"romain\">XII<\/span><\/abbr>. Malakhi (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05de\u05dc\u05d0\u05db\u05d9<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Malachie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Malachie<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les\u00a0<b><span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\"><a title=\"Ketouvim\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ketouvim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ketouvim<\/a><\/span><\/b>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0\u00c9crits\u00a0\u00bb) consistent en\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>14.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Tehilim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Louanges\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<i><a title=\"Livre des Psaumes\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_Psaumes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Psaumes<\/a><\/i>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>15.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Mishlei<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Paraboles\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<i><a title=\"Livre des Proverbes\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_Proverbes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proverbes<\/a><\/i>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>16. Iyov (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05d1<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Job\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Job\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Job<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>17.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Shir Hashirim<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<i><a title=\"Cantique des cantiques\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cantique_des_cantiques\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cantique des cantiques<\/a><\/i>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>18. Routh (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea<\/span>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Ruth\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Ruth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ruth<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>19. Eikha (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d0\u05d9\u05db\u05d4<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0O\u00f9\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<i><a title=\"Livre des Lamentations\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_des_Lamentations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lamentations<\/a><\/i>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>20.\u00a0<span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Qohelet<\/span>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e7\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea<\/span>, \u00ab\u00a0Pr\u00e9dicateur\u00a0\u00bb \/\u00a0<i><a title=\"Eccl\u00e9siaste\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eccl%C3%A9siaste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eccl\u00e9siaste<\/a><\/i>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>21.\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Esther\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Esther\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Esther<\/a>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">(\u05d0\u05e1\u05ea\u05e8<\/span>\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>22.\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de Daniel\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_Daniel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Daniel<\/a>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d3\u05e0\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc<\/span>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>23. Ezra-Nehemia (<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05e2\u05d6\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d7\u05de\u05d9\u05d4<\/span>,\u00a0<i>Ezra wuNekhem&rsquo;ya<\/i>,\u00a0<a title=\"Livre d'Esdras\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_d%27Esdras\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Esdras<\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a title=\"Livre de N\u00e9h\u00e9mie\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livre_de_N%C3%A9h%C3%A9mie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u00e9h\u00e9mie<\/a>)\u00a0;<\/li>\n<li>24.\u00a0<a title=\"Livres des Chroniques\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Livres_des_Chroniques\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"lang-he-latn\" lang=\"he-latn\">Divrei Hayamim<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(<span class=\"lang-he\" dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"he\">\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>,\u00a0<i>Chroniques<\/i>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Premier livre des Chroniques\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Premier_livre_des_Chroniques\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"1\"><span class=\"romain\">I<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>\u00a0et\u00a0<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Deuxi\u00e8me livre des Chroniques\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deuxi%C3%A8me_livre_des_Chroniques\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"2\"><span class=\"romain\">II<\/span><\/abbr><\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/202511-rachi-premier-verset-14.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Afficher et t\u00e9l\u00e9charger le pdf de l&rsquo;article<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/202511-rachi-premier-verset-14.docx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Version texte (.docx)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab Mes pieds me conduisent \u00e0 l\u2019endroit que j\u2019aime. \u00bb (Hillel, ma\u00eetre pharisien \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque de J\u00e9sus) Rabbi Chlomo ben &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/commentaire-de-rachi-sur-le-premier-chapitre-de-la-bible\/\">Plus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5225,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,10,14,9,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cinquiemes","category-dieu","category-judaisme","category-pourquoi-des-lois","category-sixiemes",""],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/bereshit-bara-elohim.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5218"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5247,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5218\/revisions\/5247"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/cours\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}