{"id":585,"date":"2019-11-05T11:05:13","date_gmt":"2019-11-05T10:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/?p=585"},"modified":"2019-11-05T11:18:04","modified_gmt":"2019-11-05T10:18:04","slug":"h-muet-ou-h-aspire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/h-muet-ou-h-aspire\/","title":{"rendered":"H muet ou H aspir\u00e9 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pourquoi dit-on \u00ab\u00a0la hache\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019hache\u00a0\u00bb\u2009? \u00ab\u00a0le harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb\u2009? \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0la honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb\u2009?<\/p>\n<p>En d\u00e9but de mot, il faut distinguer deux H\u00a0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>le H muet, comme dans \u00ab\u00a0honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb implique l\u2019\u00e9lision de l\u2019article d\u00e9fini (c\u2019est comme si le mot d\u00e9butait par la voyelle qui suit le H)<\/li>\n<li>le H aspir\u00e9, comme dans \u00ab\u00a0hache\u00a0\u00bb, interdit l\u2019\u00e9lision de l\u2019article d\u00e9fini (c\u2019est comme si le mot d\u00e9butait en fait par un H consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une consonne)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le H muet implique aussi la liaison (\u00ab\u00a0les {z} horloges\u00a0\u00bb), mais pas le H aspir\u00e9 (ne pas dire \u00a0\u00bb les {z} h\u00e9ros\u00a0\u00bb, mais \u00ab\u00a0les h\u00e9ros\u00a0\u00bb)<\/p>\n<p>En po\u00e9sie classique, le H aspir\u00e9 oblige \u00e0 prononcer le e final du mot qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de alors que le H muet le fait tomber\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Un<u>e<\/u> houri de marbr(e) \/\/ honorait un quidam \/\/ (alexandrin classique)<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Indication phon\u00e9tique<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Dans les dictionnaires, le H aspir\u00e9 est parfois indiqu\u00e9 par une apostrophe dans la transcription phon\u00e9tique\u00a0: [&lsquo;]<\/p>\n<p>Le <a href=\"http:\/\/atilf.atilf.fr\/\">TLF<\/a> l\u2019indique apr\u00e8s la transcription phon\u00e9tique\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">\u00ab\u00a0harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb \u2014 Prononc<strong>. :<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>[<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/atilf.atilf.fr\/dendien\/scripts\/tlfiv5\/displayi.exe?s=2490059955;i=i-1-1.gif\" \/>] init. aspir\u00e9e. (\u00ab\u00a0init.\u00a0\u00bb = initiale)<\/p>\n<p>Wiktionnaire l\u2019indique avant\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">hache\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/h_aspir%C3%A9\">h aspir\u00e9<\/a>)<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Annexe:Prononciation\/fran%C3%A7ais\">\\a\u0283\\<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Origine \u00e9tymologique du H aspir\u00e9 et du H muet<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le H aspir\u00e9 d\u00e9bute un mot d\u2019origine germanique (le H obligeait \u00e0 accentuer la premi\u00e8re voyelle du mot). \u00ab\u00a0Hache\u00a0\u00bb, vient de l\u2019ancien allemand \u00ab\u00a0happjia\u00a0\u00bb, hache de b\u00fbcheron.<\/p>\n<p>Jusqu&rsquo;au 17\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, le \u00ab\u00a0h\u00a0\u00bb aspir\u00e9 pouvait encore se traduire dans la prononciation par un\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coup_de_glotte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">coup de glotte<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Mais il y a des exceptions\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb, par exemple, vient d\u2019un mot latin.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Listes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Plusieurs listes de mots sont disponibles sur le net\u00a0:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aidenet.eu\/grammaire01ac.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.aidenet.eu\/grammaire01ac.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H_aspir\u00e9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H_aspir\u00e9<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/H-muet-ou-H-aspire.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Afficher et t\u00e9l\u00e9charger la note.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/H-muet-ou-H-aspire.docx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Version Word .docx<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pourquoi dit-on \u00ab\u00a0la hache\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019hache\u00a0\u00bb\u2009? \u00ab\u00a0le harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019harc\u00e8lement\u00a0\u00bb\u2009? \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb et non \u00ab\u00a0la honn\u00eatet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb\u2009? En d\u00e9but de &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/h-muet-ou-h-aspire\/\">Plus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,18,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-langue","category-orthographie","category-uaa0",""],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=585"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":598,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/585\/revisions\/598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dallenogare.biz\/fr4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}